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FOB
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FOB Test is a rapid, one-step test for the
qualitative detection of human occult blood in faeces.
Many diseases can cause hidden blood in the faeces. This is also
known as Faecal Occult Blood (FOB), human occult blood or human
haemoglobin. In the early stages, gastrointestinal problems such as
colon cancer, ulcers, polyps, colitis, diverticulitis, and fissures
may not show any visible symptoms, only occult blood. The
traditional testing methods which are Guaiac-based methods, lack
sensitivity and specificity and also have diet restrictions prior
to testing.
FOB testing primarily functions as a screening method for early
colorectal cancer. FOB tests are designed to detect human
haemoglobin in faeces. The reason for this approach is that large
adenomas and most cancers bleed intermittently in the Gastro
Intestinal (GI) tract. The ability to detect resultant blood in
faeces may be the only symptom enabling early diagnosis of a
potential cancer. Additionally, removing bleeding polyps and
subsequent early removal while still localised within the GI wall
can stop them developing into cancers at a later stage.